Structural and Biochemical Changes in Adipose Tissue During Aging
4. Uluslararası 21. Yüzyılda Sağlık Bilimleri Kongresi, Xorazm (Urganch), Özbekistan, 21 - 23 Ekim 2026, ss.142-143, (Özet Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
- Basıldığı Şehir: Xorazm (Urganch)
- Basıldığı Ülke: Özbekistan
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.142-143
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Adipose
tissue is a metabolically active and heterogeneous organ involved in energy
storage, endocrine regulation, immune signaling, and thermogenesis. Aging is
associated with alterations in adipose tissue distribution, cellular
composition, and metabolic function, potentially contributing to age-related
metabolic dysfunction.This review aims to evaluate the structural and
biochemical changes occurring in human adipose tissue during aging, with
particular emphasis on adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, insulin signaling,
mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, inflammation, and brown adipose
tissue activity.A narrative review of published human studies was conducted,
focusing on age-associated differences in adipose tissue morphology, cellular
renewal, metabolic regulation, and immunological characteristics. Findings from
observational studies, human tissue analyses, and experimental investigations
using human-derived cells were examined and integrated.Aging is associated with
changes in regional fat distribution, including a relative reduction in
peripheral fat compared with truncal fat. Human studies indicate reduced
preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation, decreased adipocyte renewal,
and impaired triglyceride turnover. Catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis declines
with age, accompanied by lower expression of certain lipogenic genes and
insulin signaling proteins. Alterations in mitochondrial respiration and
oxidative stress have also been reported. Furthermore, increased cellular
senescence and changes in immune cell populations and inflammatory mediator
secretion suggest age-related remodeling of the adipose tissue
microenvironment. Cold-activated brown adipose tissue is detected less
frequently in older adults, indicating potential changes in thermogenic
capacity.Aging involves coordinated structural, cellular, and biochemical
alterations in adipose tissue that may influence metabolic homeostasis. These
findings highlight the importance of considering adipose tissue distribution,
cellular plasticity, lipid turnover, and immunometabolic regulation together
when evaluating adipose tissue aging. Further longitudinal human studies
integrating molecular, functional, and imaging-based assessments are needed to
clarify the mechanisms underlying these changes and their metabolic
consequences.