Development of tetraploids in tissue culture: modern techniques and biotechnological innovations

Soomro S. R., Soomro S. N., ALTAF M. T., Liaqat W., Nadeem M. A., Baloch F. S., ...Daha Fazla

Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, cilt.160, sa.2, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 160 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11240-025-02994-8
  • Dergi Adı: Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Compendex, Environment Index, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Agricultural advancement, Genome editing, Polyploidy, Stress tolerance, Tissue culture
  • Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Polyploidy, characterized by chromosome multiplication, plays a pivotal role in plant evolution and agricultural innovation. This review explores advanced methodologies for tetraploid development in tissue culture, highlighting chemical inducers such as colchicine and oryzalin, physical strategies including thermal and radiation treatments, and cutting-edge approaches like CRISPR-Cas9. These techniques facilitate targeted genetic modification, enhancing traits such as stress tolerance, disease resistance, and biomass in critical crops like garlic, wheat, and ornamentals. Despite substantial advancements, challenges including chromosomal instability and growth abnormalities necessitate protocols. This review emphasizes polyploidy’s transformative potential for agricultural productivity, aligning with global food security imperatives while advocating for ongoing innovation and optimization.