Turkish-Soviet Relations Between Courtesy and Rivalry: Establishment and Activities of the Soviet Consulate in Artvin (1921-1924) Nezaket ve Rekabet Arasında Türk-Sovyet İlişkileri: Artvin Sovyet Konsolosluğunun Kuruluşu ve Faaliyetleri (1921-1924)

TURAN R.

Turkish Journal of History, sa.85, ss.229-261, 2025 (ESCI) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.26650/iutd.154484
  • Dergi Adı: Turkish Journal of History
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, L'Année philologique, Historical Abstracts, MLA - Modern Language Association Database, Directory of Open Access Journals, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.229-261
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Artvin, Border, Consul, Russia, Soviet, White Movement
  • Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

After the 1877-1878 Russo-Turkish War, Artvin remained under Russian administration for approximately forty years. Following the Mondros Armistice in 1918, it was subsequently occupied by the British and the Georgians, and by early 1921, it was once again placed under Turkish control. In this new period, within the framework of friendly relations with Soviet Russia, consulates and embassies were established by both countries. The appointment of Ali Fuat Cebesoy as Ambassador to Moscow and the sending of the Soviet diplomatic mission to Ankara were concrete diplomatic steps. As a reflection of these steps, the Soviet Consulate in Artvin was established towards the end of 1921. The aim of this study is to examine the period in light of reports prepared by Aleksandr Mitrofanoviç Detisov (1921-1924), the first Soviet Consul in Artvin, which are currently held in the Russian Federation Foreign Policy Archive. The study explores the process of the consulate’s establishment in Artvin, a gateway to Soviet Russia, the competition and trust issues behind Turkish-Soviet friendship relations, the use of Soviet transition permits as a political pressure, the socio-economic changes in Artvin, the anti-Soviet and pro-Soviet movements, and the early steps of Turkish-Soviet relations.