Entropy generation in a U-tube flow system containing MWCNT-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/water hybrid nanofluid with uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields

GÜRSOY E., Gedik E.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERGY, vol.46, no.3-4, pp.324-339, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 46 Issue: 3-4
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1504/ijex.2025.146047
  • Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERGY
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Page Numbers: pp.324-339
  • Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Affiliated: No

Abstract

The study analyses entropy generation in a U-tube used in shell and tube heat exchangers, using both passive and active techniques. MWCNT-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid (phi = 0.001% and 0.003%) under laminar flow conditions (117.1 <= Dn <= 234.2) and magnetic fields were evaluated. Results showed that tube position did not impact irreversibility. However, MWCNT-Fe3O4/water hybrid nanofluid enhanced system efficiency, reducing total entropy generation at the rate of 13.0% and 18.0% for = 0.001% and 0.003%, respectively, at Dn = 234.2. Conversely, increasing the magnetic field raised total entropy generation, negatively impacting irreversibility.