Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
HITIT THEOLOGY JOURNAL, cilt.21, sa.1, ss.451-478, 2022 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)
The commentary of Muqatil b. Sulayman (d. 150/767) is very important because it is the oldest exegesis that has survived to the present day. As much as the importance of this tafsir is indisputable, the sectarian identity of the author is just as controversial. The sectarian belonging of the author is also closely related to the value of being a source of this commentary. Because the evaluations about Muqatil follow two extremes: "lying" and "authority in tafsir". In the contemporary period, some researchers have taken these discussions on the sectarian identity of the author to the point that Muqatil is seen as "inconvenient" in the Sunni tafsir tradition and this situation causes the tafsir of the author to be ignored. Therefore, the claims in question remove the problem from being a question of Muqatil's sectarian identity and argue that Muqatil's tafsir is sacrificed to ideological motives in the tafsir tradition. There are different opinions about whether Muqatil is attributed to Mushabbiha, Murji'a or Shira/Zaydiyya. This study focuses on the claim that the author is Shi'ite/Zaydi, which was brought to the fore by names such as Muhammad Ebu Zehre (d. 1974), especially Abdullah Mahmud Shahhate (b. 1951), who was the interpreter of his commentary. The claim that Muqatil was a Shi'ite/Zaydi was first put forward by Ibn al-Nadim (d. 385/995), who was known for his Shi'a inclination. While the prominent Shi'ite scholar alKashshi (III-IV. /IX-X. century) and Abu Ja'fer et-Tusi (d. 460/1067) argued that he was a Shi'ite/Zaydi. Also Tusi states that he was one of the companions of Muhammad al-Bakir (d. 114/733) and Ca'fer-i Sadik (d. 148/765). Again, a relationship was established between Muqatil b. Sulayman and Zaydiyya by orientalists such as Louis Massignon (d. 1962) and Montgomery Watt (d. 2006). Our research has two main purposes: First, it is to make some convincing determinations that he is not a Shi.ite/Zaydi based on the author's own commentary. The second is to make some determinations about the place and influence of Muqatil in the Shi'ite tradition, especially the sources of tafsir. Here, it will be tried to determine whether the narrations from Muqatil are included in the main tafsir and hadith sources of Shi'a, and these narrations will be compared with the existing works. As a result, in this study, the Hijri II. the sectarian belonging of Muqatil, one of the leading commentators of the century, is evaluated through Shi'ite sources.