Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis of fire blight resistance in apple genotypes selected from the eastern Black Sea Region of Türkiye
TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY, cilt.50, sa.3, ss.377-390, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 50 Sayı: 3
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.55730/1300-011x.3358
- Dergi Adı: TURKISH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Compendex, Environment Index, Geobase, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM), Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate Edition (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.377-390
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of fire blight, which is known as one of the most destructive diseases of apple. The use of fire blight-resistant cultivars/rootstocks is one of the most effective methods available to manage this disease. We previously selected 199 local apple cultivars that showed no clearly visible symptoms of fire blight on the plants from the coastline of the eastern Black Sea Region in T & uuml;rkiye. The region is characterized by the highest rainfall and humidity levels in the country. In this research, young plants of these genotypes grafted onto MM.106 rootstock were screened for fire blight disease resistance in the greenhouse and under shade cloth outdoors at the same location over 3 consecutive years. The susceptible apple cultivar Royal Gala on MM.106 and the rootstock M.9 were used as controls. The plants were inoculated with three highly virulent E. amylovora strains. The genotype-by-strain interactions were evaluated. The current season's shoot length and the length of the visible necrotic lesions were measured, percent disease severity (DS) was calculated, and the genotypes were grouped into four susceptibility classes. The results showed that 18 genotypes (9.1%) were consistently found to be resistant (R) and/or moderately resistant (MR) to both Ea43b-3 and Ea186A strains in the first 2 years and to the EaBSR14 strain in the 3rd year. DS levels ranged between 0.0% and 25.0% in selected genotypes while Royal Gala and M.9 had 50.7%-70.2% and 84.8%-100%, respectively. Multidimensional scaling analysis distinctly separated all of the R/MR genotypes from the sensitive control genotypes. The data showed high levels of diversity in terms of fire blight resistance among the local apple genotypes in the eastern Black Sea Region. The selected genotypes constitute a valuable genetic source for developing fire blight resistant apple cultivars/rootstocks in breeding studies.