Melamine and Cyanuric Acid in Milk and Their Quantities, Analytical Methods and Exposure Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abedini A., Hadian Z., Kamalabadi M., Salimi M., Koohy-Kamaly P., BAŞARAN B., ...Daha Fazla

Journal of Food Protection, cilt.88, sa.3, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 88 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.jfp.2025.100454
  • Dergi Adı: Journal of Food Protection
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, ABI/INFORM, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Environment Index, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Hospitality & Tourism Complete, Hospitality & Tourism Index, Public Affairs Index, Veterinary Science Database, DIALNET
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Cyanuric acid, Melamine, Meta-analysis, Milk contamination
  • Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Melamine, as a toxic compound, needs to be controlled in food, especially in dairy products. In this systematic study, quantities of melamine and cyanuric acid in various types of milk were investigated. A comprehensive database search was performed using the keywords pasteurized milk, milk, sterilized milk, melamine, and cyanuric acid without time limitation. A total of 24 articles related to melamine and cyanuric acid were thoroughly reviewed. The overall mean concentration of melamine in milk was estimated by meta-analysis to be 11.3 μg/L. Publication bias was not addressed in the associated assays; however, it was addressed as highly heterogeneous between studies. Subgroup analysis was carried out, and the milk type was a cause of heterogeneity. This systematic review investigated a range of melamine in milk products and discussed different analytical methods.