The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the political and social events experienced by the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century on the foundations of the Republic and its institutions. In terms of institutional and political aspects, the Republic has inherited many legacies from the Ottoman Empire. It can be said that this inherited inheritance was largely realized through political and administrative reforms shaped around political and social movements in the nineteenth century. In fact, it would not be too ambitious to say that the foundations of the Republic were laid in this century. The fact that the democratization process, which started with the Sened-i İttifak reached the constitutional level with 1876 Kanun-i Esasi, is the biggest indicator of this. The parliamentary system is being implemented in Turkey, until recently, should also be noted that begin with the democratization movement. In this context, the political developments of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century occupy an important place. In this study, the process that started with the Sened-i İttifak and continued with the declaration of the Tanzimat Edict, the Reform Edict and Kanun-i Esasi; and social events that pave the way for the related political events were examined.